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Saturday, September 10th, 2011 |
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Can someone help me with the German dative case?
I only understand the dative case a little bit. Can dir be translated as "for you", "to you", "from you", etc.? I know dative is indirect objects, some prepositions are always dative, der is the definite article for the feminine nouns and dem is the dative definite article for masculine and neuter nouns, and that's about where my knowledge of the dative ends.
"For you" is usually translated as "für dich", which is accusative case (preposition with accusative are durch für gegen ohne um).
Prepositions which are followed by dative are: aus bei mit nach seit von zu. "Dir" should simply be translated as "you" (preceded by the relevant preposition, e.g. "mit dir": "with you").
Some verbs (e.g. helfen) are also followed by dative, but the translation of "Dir" in such cases would often be a simple "you" in English: e.g. "Ich helfe dir" ("I help you"). "Ich danke dir" ("I thank you").
And there's a whole series of so-called "dual" prepositions which, to simplify, take accusative if there is a movement and dative if the situation is static (but the rule would not strictly apply to a pronoun like du/dich/dir) (an, auf, hinter, in, neben, über, unter, vor, zwischen): "ich gehe in die Stadt" (accusative) but "ich bin in der Stadt" (dative).
In most other cases, "dir" means "to you": "Ich gebe es dir" ("I give it to you").
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